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How Much Walking Should You Do after a Discectomy?

Written by Barricaid | Mar 17, 2025 4:00:01 AM

Walking Your Way to Recovery: A Guide after Discectomy Surgery

Discectomy surgery—a procedure to remove a herniated disc that is pressing on a nerve root or the spinal cord—represents a significant step in addressing debilitating back pain. While the surgery itself usually resolves the immediate issue, the recovery process plays an equally crucial role in ensuring long-term success. Among the various aspects of rehabilitation, walking stands out as perhaps the most important activity during your recovery journey.

Unlike more strenuous exercises that might place unwanted stress on your healing spine, walking offers the perfect balance of gentle movement, cardiovascular benefit, and psychological boost. However, knowing exactly how much walking is appropriate—and when to increase your activity level—can be challenging for patients navigating the postsurgical landscape.

In this article, you will learn about recommendations for walking after discectomy, common concerns, and a realistic guideline for gradually increasing your mobility without compromising your discectomy recovery.

Why Walking Matters after Discectomy

Walking after discectomy surgery is not just about getting back on your feet—it serves multiple crucial purposes in your recovery:

  • Preventing complications - Immobility after surgery increases risks of serious complications, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, and pneumonia. Even short gentle walks stimulate circulation, reducing these risks significantly.
  • Promoting healing - Controlled movement encourages blood flow to the surgical site, delivering oxygen and nutrients essential for tissue repair while removing inflammatory byproducts.
  • Preventing muscle atrophy - Back surgery often follows weeks, months, or even years of limited activity due to pain. Walking helps with maintaining muscle tone and prevents further deconditioning of core stabilizing muscles.
  • Managing pain - Though it might seem counterintuitive, appropriate walking actually helps with managing postsurgical pain through the release of endorphins and by preventing the stiffness that comes with prolonged immobility.
  • Psychological benefits - The ability to walk independently after surgery provides an important psychological boost, reducing feelings of helplessness and depression that sometimes accompany the recovery period.

Taking Those Initial Steps

Recovery times and procedures vary for each patient, but many surgeons now implement “enhanced recovery after surgery” (ERAS) protocols that encourage getting out of bed and walking as soon as possible.

Post-surgery walking

  • Timing - Typically soon after surgery, with nursing assistance
  • Duration - Brief standing and a few steps around your hospital room
  • Frequency - As tolerated
  • Goal - Simply to assess your stability and begin the process of mobility

While this initial walking might feel uncomfortable, it sets the stage for a more successful recovery. Studies show patients who begin walking as soon as possible after surgery typically experience faster overall recovery times.

Important considerations

During these first walks, focus on:

  • Maintaining proper posture without excessive bending or twisting
  • Using assistive devices if recommended by your physical therapist
  • Having someone nearby to provide support if needed
  • Listening to your body and not pushing through sharp pain

Building a Foundation

After discharge from the hospital, walking remains your primary physical activity, though still with significant limitations.

Recommended walking schedule

  • Duration - 5–10 minutes per session
  • Frequency - 3–5 times daily
  • Environment - Flat, obstacle-free areas inside your home
  • Pace - Slow and deliberate with focus on proper posture
  • Rest - As needed between walking sessions

During this period, the goal is not distance or speed but rather establishing a consistent routine of gentle movement. Many patients find that breaking walks into shorter, more frequent sessions throughout the day works better than attempting longer walks.

Monitoring your response

Pay careful attention to how your body responds to these initial walking sessions. While some discomfort is expected, walking should not:

  • Increase your pain significantly
  • Cause new pain or symptoms like numbness or tingling
  • Leave you feeling exhausted for hours afterward

If you experience any of these reactions, consult your surgeon before continuing.

Gradual Progression

As the initial postsurgical inflammation subsides, you can begin carefully increasing your walking regimen.

Recommended walking schedule

  • Duration - Gradually increase to 15–20 minutes per session
  • Frequency - 2–3 times daily
  • Environment - Begin short walks outside on level ground if weather permits
  • Pace - Slightly increased, but still focusing on form over speed
  • Increase - Add approximately 5 minutes to your total daily walking time according to your individual progress

Evaluating progress

During this period, keep a simple log of:

  • Walking duration and frequency
  • Pain levels before and after walking
  • Any symptoms that emerge during or after walking
  • Overall energy levels and recovery time needed

This information proves invaluable both for your own motivation and for providing your healthcare team with concrete data about your progress.

Building Endurance

As progress increases with time, many discectomy patients can significantly expand their walking routines, assuming their recovery has proceeded without complications.

Recommended walking schedule

  • Duration - Work toward 30-minute continuous walking sessions
  • Frequency - Once or twice daily, plus shorter walks as desired
  • Environment - More varied terrain, including gentle inclines
  • Pace - Moderate walking pace that elevates heart rate slightly
  • Increase - Add 5–10 minutes to your longest walk according to your individual progress

Important milestones

During this period, you should be:

  • Walking without assistive devices (unless otherwise instructed)
  • Experiencing diminishing pain levels after walking
  • Noticing increased overall endurance
  • Feeling more confident in your movement patterns

Many patients return to work during this period (depending on the physical demands of their occupations), making it especially important to maintain your walking routine despite increasing daily responsibilities.

Long-Term Recovery

As post-surgery time increases, many discectomy patients receive clearance to expand their physical activities beyond walking. However, walking should remain a cornerstone of your ongoing physical routine.

Recommended walking schedule

  • Duration - Up to 45–60 minutes continuous walking
  • Frequency - Daily or near daily
  • Environment - Normal variety of terrains and environments
  • Pace - Brisk walking that provides cardiovascular benefits
  • Goal - Working toward a certain number of steps or distance recommended by your doctor

Incorporating walking into life

Rather than viewing walking solely as rehabilitation, this is the time to integrate it as a permanent lifestyle habit:

  • Morning or evening neighborhood walks
  • Walking meetings at work
  • Parking farther from destinations
  • Taking stairs instead of elevators (if cleared by your surgeon)
  • Exploring local parks and nature trails

Warning Signs: When to Pull Back

Throughout your recovery, remain vigilant for signals you may be overdoing your walking program:

Concerning symptoms

  • Increased lower back pain that persists more than a few hours after walking
  • New onset of radiating pain down your legs
  • Numbness or tingling in your extremities during or after walking
  • Significant fatigue that interferes with daily activities
  • Difficulty sleeping due to increased pain

If you experience any of these symptoms, reduce your walking duration and intensity by approximately 50 percent for as long as necessary. If symptoms persist, consult your healthcare provider.

Beyond Walking: Complementary Activities

While walking forms the foundation of your recovery, your surgeon or physical therapist may recommend complementary activities, such as:

  • Gentle stretching routines specifically designed for post-discectomy patients
  • Stationary biking with upright posture (not hunched forward)
  • Water therapy once your incision has completely healed
  • Core stabilization exercises under proper supervision

These activities should supplement—not replace—your walking program.

Walking after discectomy represents the perfect balance between rest and activity, providing enough movement to promote healing while avoiding the stress of more demanding exercises. By following a gradual, progressive approach to walking, you not only optimize your surgical recovery but also establish healthy habits that protect your spine for years to come.

Remember these guidelines should be adapted to your specific situation in consultation with your healthcare team. Some patients may progress more quickly, while others—particularly those with more extensive surgery or multiple health concerns—may need to advance more cautiously.

Ultimately, the goal is not to reach a specific walking milestone by a predetermined date but rather to use walking as a tool to reclaim your mobility, independence, and quality of life after discectomy surgery.

Even though discectomy surgery is a common and generally quite successful procedure, a hole is frequently left in the outer wall of the disc. In fact, 70 percent of all reherniations come from large holes in the disc. These reherniations often require additional surgery or even fusions. Fortunately, there is a new treatment specifically designed to close the large holes that are often left in spinal discs after discectomy surgery. Barricaid is a bone-anchored device proven to reduce reherniations, and 95 percent of Barricaid patients did not undergo a reoperation due to reherniation in a 2-year study timeframe. This treatment is done immediately following the discectomy—during the same operation—and does not require any additional incisions or time in the hospital. 

If you have any questions about the Barricaid treatment or how to get access to Barricaid, ask your doctor or contact us today.

For full benefit/risk information, please visit: https://www.barricaid.com/instructions.