Discectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a portion of a herniated disc that is causing pain by pressing on nerve roots or the spinal cord. With advancements in medical technology, a variety of devices have been developed to assist surgeons in performing this delicate operation.
A discectomy can be performed as an open surgery or through minimally invasive techniques, each requiring specific devices to aid the surgeon in the removal of the herniated disc material. With the advent of new technologies, the procedure has become less invasive and more precise, reducing recovery times and improving patient outcomes. This article will discuss the devices commonly used during a discectomy, with special attention to those that have revolutionized discectomy procedures.
Traditional discectomies are performed as open surgeries, which involve large incisions and lengthy recovery periods. However, modern techniques have shifted toward minimally invasive procedures. These methods require smaller incisions, cause less tissue damage, and lead to quicker patient recovery.
In open discectomies, surgeons may use:
Microscopic discectomy, also known as microdiscectomy, is a minimally invasive approach that utilizes specialized instruments for precise tissue removal. Among these instruments are a surgical microscope and tiny tools such as micro forceps and micro scissors. The surgical microscope provides enhanced visualization, enabling the surgeon to navigate the intricate structures of the spine with accuracy.
Endoscopic discectomy has gained popularity as a minimally invasive alternative to traditional open surgery. This technique involves the use of an endoscope, a slender tube equipped with a camera and light source, to access the affected area of the spine.
Along with the endoscope, the surgeon employs specialized instruments such as graspers, dissectors, and shavers to remove the herniated disc material. Endoscopic discectomy offers several advantages, including smaller incisions, reduced tissue trauma, and faster recovery times compared to conventional approaches.
Laser technology has also found its application in discectomy procedures, albeit less commonly than microscopic or endoscopic methods. Laser discectomy involves the use of a laser beam to vaporize or shrink the herniated disc material, thereby decompressing the spinal nerves. This technique is beneficial for patients with contained disc herniations and can be performed on an outpatient basis.
In certain complex cases, surgeons may opt to utilize navigation systems during discectomy procedures. These systems utilize advanced imaging techniques, such as fluoroscopy or intraoperative CT scans, to provide real-time guidance to the surgeon. By precisely tracking the position of surgical instruments relative to the patient’s anatomy, navigation systems enhance accuracy and safety during discectomy, particularly in cases involving challenging anatomical structures or previous spinal surgeries.
Ultrasonic devices represent another innovation in discectomy technology, offering a gentler alternative for tissue removal. These devices utilize ultrasonic energy to break down and remove the herniated disc material while minimizing damage to surrounding tissues. Ultrasonic discectomies offer the advantage of precise tissue removal with minimal bleeding, leading to faster recovery times.
Robotic-assisted surgery has emerged as a game-changer in various medical specialties, including spinal surgery. Robotic systems provide surgeons with enhanced precision, dexterity, and control, enabling them to perform complex maneuvers with unparalleled accuracy.
During robotic-assisted discectomy, the surgeon guides robotic arms equipped with specialized instruments to remove the herniated disc material while minimizing trauma to surrounding tissues. This technology offers several advantages, including a reduced risk of complications, shorter operating times, and potentially better outcomes for patients.
Another minimally invasive technique is an automated percutaneous discectomy. This procedure involves a small incision through which a probe is inserted. The probe, guided by imaging technology, removes the herniated disc material. This method is less traumatic for patients and has a shorter recovery time compared to traditional surgery.
Disc nucleoplasty is a newer technique that uses radiofrequency energy to dissolve a portion of the disc’s nucleus, reducing its size and relieving pressure on the nerves. This procedure is typically used for patients who have not responded to conservative treatments.
The field of discectomy has seen remarkable progress with the introduction of devices that offer greater precision, less invasiveness, and quicker recovery times. From endoscopic and laser techniques to robotic-assisted surgeries, these innovations have made discectomies a safer and more effective option for patients suffering from herniated discs. As technology continues to advance, we can expect even more improvements in the way these back surgery procedures are performed, further enhancing patient care and outcomes.
Although discectomy surgery is generally a very successful procedure, patients with a larger hole in the outer ring of the disc have a significantly higher risk of reherniation following surgery. Often, the surgeon will not know the size of the hole until he or she begins surgery. A new treatment, Barricaid, which is a bone-anchored device proven to reduce reherniations, was specifically designed to close the large hole often left in the spinal disc after discectomy. This treatment is done immediately following the discectomy—during the same operation—and does not require any additional incisions or time in the hospital. In a large-scale study, 95 percent of Barricaid patients did not undergo a reoperation due to reherniation in the 2-year study timeframe.
If you have any questions about the Barricaid treatment or how to get access to Barricaid, ask your doctor or contact us today.
For full benefit/risk information, please visit: https://www.barricaid.com/instructions.